1. PHOENICIAN TRADE ROUTES

2. The alphabet is usually ascribed to the phoenicians.

3. Phoenicians Ancient Era Sailing 85 23 4 1 1 population Pentekonter Quadrireme Boarding Vessel Navigator The Bireme unit is special to the Phoenicians

4. Or Colchian or Phoenicians and Barbarised every word

5. Model of an ancient Phoenician warship, a bireme

6. Carthage was founded as a Phoenician colony near modern Tunis

7. Cyprus was the site of early Phoenician and Greek colonies

8. Greek and Phoenician sailors used the location as a safe port.

9. * Still, the Phoenicians were expert seamen, and their ships were large and seaworthy.

10. Definition of Baal. : any of numerous Canaanite and Phoenician local deities.

11. (2Ch 1:15; Ec 2:4-6) Although the Phoenician workers of King Hiram were employed in the cutting of timbers in Lebanon for the temple construction, the record does not support the view often advanced that the temple at Jerusalem was primarily and essentially the work of Phoenicians.

12. A coin depicting a Phoenician ship, third to fourth century B.C.E.

13. The Phoenicians discovered the metal there some two and a half millennia ago.

14. Astarte definition is - the Phoenician goddess of fertility and of sexual love.

15. King Solomon of Israel formed joint business ventures with Phoenician King Hiram.

16. In their quest for profit, Phoenician explorers ventured into the Atlantic Ocean.

17. Bloodstone honors Brigit, the Irish Goddess of Fertility; and Dione, the Phoenician Earth Goddess.

18. Even so, I seriously doubt the Phoenicians can make a timber quote in time.

19. The "modern" style of Castanets probably originated with the Phoenicians, who passed it …

20. Astarte - phoenician goddess of fertility - Astarte stock illustrations Witchcraft, Demons Astaroth and Astarte

21. Carthage was an ancient Phoenician city located on the northern coast of Africa

22. [אָרַשׂ] verb Betroth (Mishna ארס, Phoenician ארש in proper name, Lag Sem i

23. Likely, Phoenician colonizers with seafaring experience contributed greatly to the Cypriots’ naval technology.

24. 6 Dismay will also be felt by the people of the Phoenician seacoast.

25. There Antiochus III ‘threw up a siege rampart,’ taking that Phoenician seaport in 198 B.C.E.

26. Originally Canaan was used by the Phoenicians to designate the place where Sidon was built

27. He commanded 4,000 Numidian, 2,000 Iberian, 4,000 Gallic and 450 Libyan-Phoenician cavalry.

28. Aleph (n.) name for the Hebrew and Phoenician first letter, ancestor of A, c

29. Perhaps workmen accompanying the timbers sailed aboard Phoenician ships, similar to the scale model.

30. Bireme definition is - a galley with two banks of oars used especially by the ancient Greeks and Phoenicians.

31. [Middle English Arbitre, from Old French, from Latin arbiter, of Phoenician origin; see ʕrb in Semitic roots .]

32. Baal is a Canaanite and Phoenician deity and the son of the chief god El

33. The Phoenicians discovered a seemingly inexhaustible supply of these minerals near the river Guadalquivir, not far from Cádiz.

34. North Africa experienced Colonization from Europe and Western Asia in the early historical period, particularly Greeks and Phoenicians.

35. Who Alphabetised the alphabet? The Phoenicians lived on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean around 1500–300 BC

36. Astarte definition: a fertility goddess worshipped by the Phoenicians : identified with Ashtoreth of the Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples

37. Variants of the name “Astarte” can be found in the Phoenician, Hebrew, Egyptian and Etruscan languages

38. Fundamentally, Maltese is a Semitic tongue, the same as Arabic, Aramaic, Hebrew, Phoenician, Carthaginian and Ethiopian.

39. In nearby Kadıköy (ancient Chalcedon), a large port settlement dating from the Phoenicians (which predates the Megaran settlement) has been discovered.

40. Baalbek This Phoenician city, where a triad of deities was worshipped, was known as Heliopolis during the Hellenistic period

41. Etymologically, Alpha came from aleph (the first letter of the Hebrew Alphabet), meaning "ox" in Phoenician.

42. Experience their legacy in Phoenician settlements, Punic cities, Greek temples, Roman amphitheatres, Norman Arab castles and Aragonese churches.

43. Epsilon is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet and the Phoenician Word for sun derives from that root.

44. Ascribe definition, to credit or assign, as to a cause or source; attribute; impute: The alphabet is usually Ascribed to the Phoenicians

45. The Phoenicians traded salt, wine, dried fish, cedar, pine, metalwork, glass, embroidery, fine linen, and cloth dyed the famous Tyrian purple.

46. Phoenician King Hiram of Tyre, also very active in the shipping business, cooperated with Solomon in this enterprise.

47. Astarte, Phoenician goddess, terracotta statue, illustration from Histoire des grecs, volume 1, Formation du peuple grec by Victor Duruy .

48. Aramaic language, Semitic language of the Northern Central, or Northwestern, group that was originally spoken by the ancient Middle Eastern people known as Aramaeans. It was most closely related to Hebrew, Syriac, and Phoenician and was written in a script derived from the Phoenician alphabet

49. Probably developed by the Phoenicians, a century before the Greeks adopted the design in the 8 th Century, B.C., the Bireme set …

50. Baalbek is an ancient Phoenician city located in what is now modern-day Lebanon, north of Beirut, in the Beqaa Valley.

51. This system was then adopted by the Phoenicians, who Bartered their goods to people in other cities located across the oceans

52. Many signs that reappear in the later Phoenician alphabet were assumed by Mendenhall to have a similar phonetic value.

53. The Phoenicians called her Astarte, the Assyrians worshiped her as Ishtar, and the Philistines had a temple of Asherah (1 Samuel 31:10)

54. (Isaiah 23:7b) Phoenicians travel to distant places, setting up trading posts and ports of call, which in some instances grow into colonies.

55. Malta was later ruled by the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Byzantines and Arabs before it was occupied by the County of Sicily in 1091.

56. The ancient Aramaic alphabet was adapted by Arameans from the Phoenician alphabet and became a distinct script by the 8th century BC

57. Baal, also known as the sun god or the storm god, is the name of the supreme male deity worshiped by ancient Phoenicians and Canaanites

58. Its location on a natural harbour (Annaba Gulf) between Capes Garde and Rosa early attracted the Phoenicians, probably in the 12th century bce.

59. The Bireme (a ship with two banks of oars), probably adopted from the Phoenicians, followed and became the leading warship of the 8th century bc

60. The word “Barbarian” originated in ancient Greece, and was initially used to describe all non-Greek-speaking peoples, including Persians, Egyptians, Medes and Phoenicians.

61. Mem (also spelled Meem or Mim) is the thirteenth letter of many Semitic abjads , including Phoenician , Aramaic , Hebrew and Arabic alphabet . Its value is IPA .

62. Tyre was often attacked by Egypt and was besieged by Assyrian king Shalmaneser V, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years.

63. Carthage, Phoenician Kart-hadasht, Latin Carthago, great city of antiquity on the north coast of Africa, now a residential suburb of the city of Tunis, Tunisia

64. Byblos definition, an ancient Phoenician seaport near the modern city of Beirut, Lebanon: chief port for the export of papyrus: site now partially excavated

65. Carthage definition, an ancient city-state in N Africa, near modern Tunis: founded by the Phoenicians in the middle of the 9th century b.c.; destroyed in 146 b.c

66. Around the same time as Egyptians were incubating eggs, Phoenician merchants introduced chickens to Europe, where they quickly became an essential part of European livestock.

67. The book with very little exaggeration might be called "in praise of the Achaian nation." He ascribed great importance to the Phoenician element in Greece and claimed that Ulysses and Ithaca showed "distinct Phoenician characters." But "the two ideas in Homer that are really cardinal, central, generative, are the nation, and its reflection in

68. Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics record the cultivation of purple grapes, and history attests to the ancient Greeks, Phoenicians, and Romans growing purple grapes for both eating and wine production.

69. The Phoenicians were the foremost shipbuilders of the ancient world and are generally credited by most archaeologists and historians with creating the Bireme design, even though the word “Bireme” is Latin.

70. Most researchers believe Baalbek was a Phoenician sanctuary dedicated to the God Baal, even though most people would agree that the site was built by the Romans

71. It was used to write the Aramaic language and had displaced the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet, itself a derivative of the Phoenician alphabet, for the writing of Hebrew.

72. Cadiz formerly known as Gadir by the Phoenicians The City of Cadiz Cadiz stands on a peninsula jutting out into a bay, and is almost entirely surrounded by water

73. ‘In Antiquity Gibraltar belonged in turn to the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, and Visigoths.’ ‘His 37-volume Natural History is the longest work on science in Latin that has survived from Antiquity.’

74. Similarly, Christians still hold a grudge over the Muslim conquests of the 7th century, blaming Muslims for decimating a prosperous Phoenician civilization and then Arabizing and Islamizing it

75. Alpha (uppercase Α; lowercase α) is the first letter of the Greek Alphabet.The Greek Alphabet is the ancestor of modern languages and is derived from the Phoenician Alphabet

76. This would mean that the Phoenician and Canaan's had at least one similar word in common, for the same people, but in different languages and at different points in time.

77. The city of Carthage, founded by Phoenician colonists, and long the great opponent of Rome in the duel for supremacy in the civilized world, was destroyed by a Roman army, 146 B.C

78. Algeria has known many empires and dynasties starting with the ancient Numidians (3rd century B.C.), Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, over a dozen different Arab and Berber dynasties, Spaniards, and Ottoman Turks

79. The cult of Aphrodite was largely derived from that of the Phoenician goddess Astarte, a cognate of the East Semitic goddess Ishtar, whose cult was based on the Sumerian cult of Inanna.

80. The term abjad takes its name from the old order of the Arabic alphabet's consonants 'alif, bā', jīm, dāl, though the word may have earlier roots in Phoenician or Ugaritic.